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For years, architect clients have asked me for a code solution to solve the challenge of corridors that exceed the dead end limit. As a quick reference, dead ends are limited to 20 feet, except in Groups B, E, F, I-1, M, R-1, R-2, R-4, S and U with a full NFPA 13 sprinkler system, where the limit is increased to 50 feet (2021 IBC 1020.5).
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One of the fundamental concepts of fire protection and life safety in a building is compartmentation - the division of a building into multiple compartments to limit the spread of fire and smoke. The provision of floor assemblies, and specifically fire-resistance rated floor assemblies, is one common example of compartmentation. At the same time, there are legitimate reasons to design openings through these floor separation, such as elevator hoistways. To simultaneously allow for elevator hoistways and maintain some level of compartmentation, the International Building Code (IBC) sets forth requirements for protection of hoistway openings. This post will provide an overview of hoistway opening protection, including when it is required and the various options for how to provide the protection. All code references are to the 2021 IBC.
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The views, opinions, and information found on this site represent solely the author and do not represent the opinions of any other party, including the author's employer and the International Code Council, nor does the presented material assume responsibility for its use. Local codes and amendments may vary from the code requirements described herein. Fire protection and life safety systems constitute a critical component of public health, safety and welfare and you should consult with a licensed professional for proper design and code compliance.
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